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#Supply chain (2)

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The Wheeled Humanoid Supply Chain Deep Dive: Omnidirectional Chassis, Lifting Columns and Ball Screws — Who Builds In-House, Who Buys

The Wheeled Humanoid Supply Chain Deep Dive: Omnidirectional Chassis, Lifting Columns and Ball Screws — Who Builds In-House, Who Buys

Wheeled-base (half-body) humanoids are the fastest-moving form factor of the humanoid race: over 40% of humanoid products launched globally in 2025 use wheeled chassis, with travel speed 3-5x that of bipeds, 60%+ energy savings, and system cost one order of magnitude lower. Based on public sources and vendor research, this article dissects the chassis and lift designs of leading players (Galbot, AgiBot, UBTECH, Pudu, Astribot, Yifei, Zhipingfang, Topstar) across mecanum, omni-wheel, four-steer-four-drive and dual-differential chassis and screw / rigid-chain / belt lifting mechanisms; maps the supplier landscape (SEER, WIMAI, SLAMTEC, JIECANG and more); and answers the core question — in-house or outsourced? The answer: chassis and lift mechanisms are overwhelmingly developed in-house; outsourcing concentrates on commodity parts like wheels, motors and screws.

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Wheeled humanoidsOmnidirectional chassisLifting columnBall ScrewSupply chain
The Complete Robot Joint Module Selection Guide: Harmonic, Planetary, RV, Cycloidal & Quasi-Direct Drive — Vendor Research and Configurations by Robot Weight Class

The Complete Robot Joint Module Selection Guide: Harmonic, Planetary, RV, Cycloidal & Quasi-Direct Drive — Vendor Research and Configurations by Robot Weight Class

How should robot joint modules actually be selected? Drawing on 200+ joint-module/reducer entries in the RobotWorld knowledge base, product research on leading vendors (Harmonic Drive, Nabtesco, Leaderdrive, Laifual, Leadshine, EYOBOT, ZeroErr, JIECANG, CubeMars, ENCOS), and item-by-item verification of the supply chains behind Tesla, Unitree, UBTECH, AgiBot and Fourier, this guide systematically compares harmonic, planetary, RV, cycloidal and quasi-direct-drive (QDD) transmission routes on performance and cost, provides a torque-tier product cheat-sheet (0.5-200 N·m) and full configuration recipes by robot weight class (small <=25kg / mid 30-55kg / large 60-100kg), plus a practical pitfall-avoidance playbook.

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Joint modulesHarmonic reducersPlanetary reducersQuasi-direct driveHumanoid robots